Background
Cristina Adriana Popa
Advance-HTN: Return of the systolic order – ...

This week, we will discuss a NEJM trial on uncontrolled hypertension: lorundrostat, an aldosterone synthase inhibitor, aims at the hormonal dark side driving resistance.

Advance-HTN: Return of the systolic order – Lorundrostat’s role in restoring balance
Background
swapnil hiremath
Double Trouble: ddAVP and the Bleeding Biopsy

This week, we will discuss a double header: two single centre ddAVP trials in kidney biopsy from India.

Double Trouble: ddAVP and the Bleeding Biopsy
Background
Cristina Adriana Popa
Kidney Allografts-Play With Fire, Get Burned

This week, we will discuss the prognostic role of microvascular inflammation in kidney transplantation. Can the capillaries whisper their damage in lesions before antibodies speak? Maybe this study compels us to treat the injury we see, not just the disease we can name…

Kidney Allografts-Play With Fire, Get Burned
Background
swapnil hiremath
Metformin- Should I Stay or Should I Go

This week, we will discuss another target trial emulation study. The FDA says to stop metformin at a GFR of 30. Are they right?

Metformin- Should I Stay or Should I Go
Background
Brian Rifkin
KDIGO 2025 ADPKD Guidelines Review

This week, we will discuss the first iteration of KDIGO’s 2025 guidelines on ADPKD.  These guidelines are a result of a decade of global collaboration between physicians, researchers, advocates, and patients. The guidelines incorporate ADPKD-specific care as well as many general CKD management practice points.


KDIGO 2025 ADPKD Guidelines Review

✏️ Salt reduction still lowers BP

Effect of Dietary Sodium on Blood Pressure: A Crossover Trial (Gupta, JAMA 2023)

We know reducing sodium intake lowers blood pressure (BP), but what is truly the effect in those with normal BP versus high BP? Those taking BP meds versus those who do not? In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA)–SSBP trial (Gupta et al, JAMA 2023), the investigators enrolled 213 individuals either with normal BP or not, and either on BP meds with controlled or uncontrolled hypertension. They crossed over from the usual diet to low sodium (diet with 500 mg i.e. ~ 25 mmol sodium) and high sodium (with 2 bouillon packets, each containing 1100 mg of sodium added to the usual diet). The low sodium diet did result in lower BP in all subgroups, by about 5 - 6 mmHg SBP in the normotensive/controlled hypertension subgroups to about 9 - 190 mmHg SBP in the uncontrolled/untreated hypertension subgroups. Though the authors say these are not significantly different based on interaction p values, the subgroups are woefully underpowered to say that. Note that diet allocation was on alternate days, so this was not a randomized trial. Additionally - despite being provided food and daily phone calls, people on low sodium couldn’t stick to the provided saltless diet (24 hour urine sodium 1.7g rather than 0.5 g) and even the high sodium group couldn’t stomach the extra 2.2g bouillon (24 hour urine sodium went up from 4.6 to 5.5 rather than expected 6.8 g/day). So, an extremely low sodium diet does lower BP a bit, but it’s hard to achieve even if you are provided the food. Salt substitutes are so much more pragmatic! 

Swapnil Hiremath